Nonunion Rate of First Metatarsal-Phalangeal Joint Arthrodesis for End-stage Hallux Rigidus with Crossed Titanium Flexible Intramedullary Nails and Dorsal Static Staple with Immediate Weight-bearing

Authors: Thomas Roukis DPM, Tristan Meusnier MD, Marc Augoyard MD

Journal:  JFAS

Abstract:  Myriad forms of fixation have been proposed for arthrodesis of the first metatarsal-phalangeal joint (MTPJ). Regardless of the fixation type, nonunion of the arthrodesis site has been purported to be a common complication. We performed a retrospective review of all patients undergoing arthrodesis of the first MTPJ for end-stage hallux rigidus with 2 crossed flexible titanium intramedullary nails and a dorsal static 10-mm titanium staple followed by immediate protected weight-bearing. The inclusion criteria were as follows: the exact internal fixation technique described was employed for end-stage hallux rigidus of the first MTPJ only; preoperative and at least 6 weeks of postoperative weight-bearing radiographs were available; weight-bearing was initiated on the operative foot immediately in a protective shoe; the patient was followed for at least 6 months postoperatively; any complication was documented; and bilateral surgery was not done in the same setting. A total of 42 female patients (51 feet) with a mean age ± SD of 69.4 ± 9.2 years met the inclusion criteria. Complications resulting from technical error during insertion of the crossed titanium flexible intramedullary nails occurred in 3 feet (5.9%), but none led to nonunion or revision surgery. One delayed union (2%) occurred but it ultimately united. The incidence of nonunion after arthrodesis of the first MTPJ consisting of 2 crossed flexible titanium intramedullary nails and a dorsal static 10-mm titanium staple for end-stage hallux rigidus in an exclusively female population was lower than the historic mean for most other fixation techniques. However, methodologically sound prospective cohort studies that focus on the use of isolated arthrodesis of the first MTPJ for end-stage hallux rigidus in both male and female patients are still needed, as are comparisons of the presented technique with other modern osteosynthesis techniques.

Keywords: degenerative joint disease, dorsal bunion, foot deformity, osteoarthritis, surgery

The Management of the Neglected Congenital Foot Deformity in the Older Child With the Taylor Spatial Frame

Authors: Atef Hassan, BS MBs MSc (Ortho) and Merv Letts, MD

Journal:  Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Abstract: 

Background: Neglected or inadequately treated rigid congenitally deformed feet in older children are a nightmarish challenge for the child, the parents, and the orthopaedic surgeon. Because of the multiplicity of spatial deformities exhibited by these feet and legs, it was hypothesized that correction using the Taylor spatial frame (TSF) would decrease morbidity, facilitate correction, and minimize treatment time in children from remote regions with extremely rigid deformed feet.

Methods: Recent experience with the management of 11 such feet (Dimeglio type IV) in 9 children with an average age of 9.2 years using the TSF has been gratifying. Six children had associated leg length discrepancy, which was corrected by concomitant tibial lengthening. All feet underwent soft tissue releases, whereas forefoot and/or hindfoot osteotomies were performed in 7 feet.

Results: All children attained plantigrade, functional feet, and were fully ambulatory and capable of wearing normal footwear. Complications were minor consisting of pin tract infections, residual metatarsus varus in 3, and wound dehiscence in 1. There were no neurovascular events. This was attributed to the slower 3 plane correction using the TSF technique as well as the elimination of the need for plaster immobilization thus allowing direct monitoring of the foot and limb.

Conclusions: The rigid foot deformity in the older child can be safely and effectively corrected with the aid of the TSF, which facilitates a 3 plane correction and concomitant limb lengthening.

Keywords: Taylor spatial frame, neglected congenital deformities, limb length discrepancy

An Analysis of Outcomes after Use of the Maxwell-Brancheau Arthroereisis Implant

Authors: Steven Brancheau, DPM, Kelly Walker, DPM, and David Northcutt, DPM

Journal:  JFAS

Abstract: The authors present a retrospective study of 35 consecutive patients (60 feet) treated with the Maxwell-Brancheau Arthroereisis (MBA) implant. The mean age of the cohort at the time of surgery was 14.3 (range 5 to 46) years, and 22 (62.86%) men and 13 (37.14%) women were included. Preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior and lateral foot radiographs were compared at a mean of 36 (range 18 to 48) months postoperatively, and the following mean changes were reported: talocalcaneal angle 24.15° ± 7.97° to 18.53° ± 8.23°, calcaneocuboid angle 18.67° ± 8.72° to 11.76° ± 8.49°, first to second intermetatarsal angle 9.42° ± 2.67° to 7.61° ± 2.69°, calcaneal inclination angle 11.93° ± 6° to 14.93° ± 5.85°, and talar declination angle 34.0° ± 8.59° to 28.02° ± 6.85°; all of these differences were statistically significant (p < .0001). A subgroup of 24 (68.57%) patients also answered a subjective questionnaire at a mean of 33 (range 12 to 55) months postoperatively. The presenting chief complaints were resolved in 23 patients (95.83%) of the subgroup, and 21 patients (87.5%) returned postoperatively to either the same or a greater activity level in sports. Twenty-three (95.83% of the subgroup) patients said they were 75% to 100% satisfied with their surgical outcome, and that they would recommend the surgery to a friend or family member with the same condition, whereas 1 (4.17%) claimed 0% satisfaction after placement of inappropriately sized implants (which were later replaced to the patient’s clinical satisfaction) in both feet

Keywords:  calcaneus, flatfoot, pes valgoplanus, subtalar joint, surgery, talus